Houbolt died on Tuesday at a nursing home in Maine of complications from Parkinson's disease, his son-in-law confirmed on Saturday.
As Nasa describes on its website, while under pressure during the US-Soviet space race, Houbolt was the catalyst in securing US commitment to the science and engineering theory that eventually carried the Apollo crew to the moon and back safely.
His efforts in the early 1960s are largely credited with convincing Nasa to focus on the launch of a module carrying a crew from lunar orbit, rather than a rocket from Earth or a spacecraft while orbiting the planet.
Houbolt felt a lunar orbit rendezvous would not only be less mechanically and financially onerous than building a rocket, but it also was the only option to meet President Kennedy's challenge before the end of the decade.
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