MUMBAI: Harvard researchers believe that over one million children suffer from tuberculosis annually — twice the number previously thought to have TB.
Experts from the university and Brigham and Women's Hospital fear that one-third of these children may be suffering from drug-resistant tuberculosis that is extremely difficult to treat. The study was published in The Lancet on Sunday.
Pediatric TB is emerging as one of the most neglected areas in tuberculosis; there isn't even special drugs meant for the pediatric population.
In fact, the World Health Organization's Tuberculosis Report 2013 had noted that a child with TB is as likely as an adult with TB to have MDR-TB (multi-drug resistant TB). India too has very little information about the spread of the disease among the pediatric population.
The Harvard study's author Dr Ted Cohen said, "Despite children comprising approximately one-quarter of the world's population, there have been no previous estimates of how many suffer from MDR-TB disease."
He said that the estimate of the total number of new cases of childhood TB is twice that estimated by the WHO in 2011 and three times the number of child TB cases notified globally each year.
Pediatric tuberculosis is one of the most neglected aspects of the TB epidemic.
The researchers used several sources of publicly available data and devised a new method to correct for the chronic under-diagnosis that occurs in children, using conventional TB tests which were designed for and work best on adults. The researchers used two models to estimate both the regional and global annual incidence of MDR-TB in children.
Their findings indicate that around 1,000,000 children developed TB disease in 2010 and of those, 32,000 had MDR-TB.
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