The researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health followed 58,063 women (52-77 years) in NHS (1998-2008) and 79,893 women (35-52 years) in NHS II (1999-2009) without diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline.
They found two or more servings (1 serving = 28 grams) of walnuts per week to be associated with a 21% and 15% lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes before and after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) respectively.
Compared with other nuts, which typically contain a high amount of monounsaturated fats, walnuts are unique because they are rich in PUFAs which may favorably influence insulin resistance and risk of type 2 diabetes.
Walnuts are different among nuts specifically and are uniquely comprised primarily of PUFAs and are the only nut with a significant amount of alpha-linolenic acid - the plant-based omega-3 fatty acid (2.5 grams of ALA per 1 ounce/ 28 gram serving).
Diabetes and obesity expert Dr David Katz considers walnuts to be a nutritious ingredient that should be a staple in the American diet.
"Observational studies can't prove cause and effect, but when associations are seen in large populations, and occur in a well established context - cause and effect may reliably be inferred," states Dr Katz.
He continues, "The findings here - the kind often seen with powerful pharmaceuticals - are robust, and remarkable. They strongly indicate the importance of consuming whole foods, such as walnuts, in the fight against diabetes."
Registered dietitian and certified diabetes educator Andrea Dunn believes this new research is good news especially considering walnuts are tasty and simple to include daily.
"In this study two or more servings of walnuts per week seemed to make a difference and is so easy to incorporate," says Andrea.
She suggests adding walnuts to your morning oatmeal or yogurt; grabbing a handful as an afternoon snack or trying them as a coating for fish or as a topping to your vegetable stir-fry.
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