In a first-of-its-kind large scale study announced on Tuesday, scientists from the University of Edinburgh in the UK have found that a male child in India is nearly three times more likely to receive hospital care than a girl child, suffering from acute chest infections like pneumonia that often proves fatal.
The study published in the British medical journal the Lancet on Tuesday says that in some areas of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, up to four times as many boys under five receive hospital care for chest infections compared with girls.
The study found that a substantial number of children under five who became critically ill from chest infections were not treated in hospitals. Around 38% of severe cases did not even reach hospitals.
Speaking to TOI, Dr Harish Nair from the University of Edinburgh's Centre for Population Health Sciences, who led the study said, "Boys are biologically 1.2 times more prone to be suffering from severe chest infections than girls. It is mainly due to smaller airways among boys.
"But in India, the difference becomes more acute in the ratio of boys getting hospitalized for pneumonia than girls confirming gender as the main reason behind the trend."
The study, supported by the WHO, produced by a large international consortium of 76 researchers from 39 institutions, in 24 countries found that in Yamunanagar in Haryana, a boy aged 0-11 months is 3.2 times more likely to get hospitalized than a girl child. In Vellore, it is 1.8 times more likely and in Ballabgarh, it is 3.7 times more likely.
Overall in south east Asia, a male child is 1.9 times more likely to receive hospital care when affected with pneumonia while in the US it is 1.3 times and in Africa it is 1.4 times.
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